# Panel Discussion on LLMs in Production: Industry Expert Insights This case study summarizes a panel discussion featuring experts from various companies including Titan ML, YLabs, and Outer Bounds, focusing on best practices for deploying LLMs in production environments. The panel brought together diverse perspectives from both technical and business angles. # Key Initial Recommendations - Start with API providers for prototyping - Focus on rapid prototyping # System Architecture and Design Considerations - RAG vs Fine-tuning Strategy - Hardware and Infrastructure # Production Deployment Challenges ## Hardware Constraints - GPU shortages affect deployment options - Need for hardware-agnostic solutions - Cost considerations for different GPU vendors - Scaling challenges with compute-intensive models ## Evaluation and Metrics - User feedback as primary evaluation method - Automated metrics for initial screening - Combined approach using: ## Observability Requirements - Track user interactions - Monitor model performance - Measure business metrics - Implementation early in development - Focus on user experience metrics - Track context retrieval quality # Best Practices for Production ## System Design - Modular architecture - Version control for all components - Clear evaluation pipelines ## User Experience - Design for non-deterministic outputs - Implement user feedback mechanisms - Add guardrails for safety - Plan for iteration and refinement - Protection against harmful outputs ## Monitoring and Maintenance - Regular evaluation of model performance - User feedback collection - Performance metrics tracking - Cost monitoring - Safety checks # Infrastructure Components ## Essential Tools - Versioning systems for code and data - Observability platforms - Deployment frameworks - Testing infrastructure - User feedback systems ## Evaluation Pipeline Components - Test datasets - Ground truth data - Metric collection systems - User feedback mechanisms - Performance monitoring tools # Iteration and Improvement Strategy - Continuous monitoring and evaluation - Regular model updates based on feedback - System component versioning - Performance optimization - Cost optimization # Key Lessons and Recommendations ## Technical Considerations - Start simple with API solutions - Build robust evaluation pipelines - Implement comprehensive observability - Plan for hardware constraints - Version everything ## Business Considerations - Focus on user value - Start with prototype validation - Consider cost-performance trade-offs - Plan for iteration and improvement - Build feedback mechanisms ## Safety and Quality - Implement input/output checking - Add safety guardrails - Monitor for harmful outputs - Protect user privacy - Regular quality assessments # Future Considerations - Hardware diversity will increase - Need for vendor-agnostic solutions - Importance of cost optimization - Evolution of evaluation metrics - Growing importance of user experience # Production Readiness Checklist - Evaluation metrics defined - Observability implemented - User feedback mechanisms in place - Version control for all components - Safety guardrails implemented - Cost monitoring setup - Performance benchmarks established - Iteration strategy defined - Hardware scaling plan in place - User experience considerations addressed